Boemo ba tsamaiso ea letsatsi le letsatsi ba litsuonyana bo amana le sekhahla sa ho qhotsoa ha litsuonyana le katleho ea tlhahiso ea polasi.Boemo ba leholimo ba mariha bo bata, maemo a tikoloho a fokola, 'me tšireletso ea malinyane ea litsuonyana e tlaase.Tsamaiso ea letsatsi le letsatsi ea likhoho mariha e lokela ho matlafatsoa, 'me tlhokomelo e lokela ho lefshoa ho thibela serame le ho futhumala, ho matlafatsa tšireletso ea' mele, ho fepa ka saense, le ho ntlafatsa litsuonyana.eketsa sekhahla sa ho tsoala le ho eketsa melemo ea moruo ea ho rua likhoho.Ka hona, taba ena e hlahisa sehlopha sa mekhoa ea tsamaiso ea letsatsi le letsatsi bakeng sa litsuonyana tsa mariha bakeng sa litšupiso tsa lihoai.
Lisebelisoa tsa ho tsoalisa
Ntlo ea likhoho ka kakaretso e futhumatsoa ke setofo, empa chimela e tlameha ho kenngoa ho thibela chefo ea khase.Chemela e ka atolosoa ka mokhoa o nepahetseng ho ea ka boemo, e le ho nolofatsa mocheso o lekaneng oa ho senya le ho boloka matla.Nako ea mabone e na le tšusumetso e kholo ho sekhahla sa kholo ea likhoho.Ntle le khanya ea letsatsi le letsatsi ea tlhaho, lisebelisoa tsa mabone a maiketsetso li lokela ho lokisoa.Ka hona, lithapo tse 2 tsa mabone li lokela ho kenngoa ka tlung ea likhoho, 'me hlooho ea lebone e lokela ho kenngoa ka limithara tse ling le tse ling tse 3, e le hore ho be le lebone le le leng bakeng sa sebaka se seng le se seng sa lisekoere-mithara tse 20,' me bophahamo bo lokela ho ba limithara tse 2 ho tloha fatše. .Ka kakaretso, mabone a incandescent a sebelisoa.E na le lisebelisoa tse hlokahalang tsa ho hloekisa le ho bolaea likokoana-hloko, joalo ka washer ea khatello le sefafatsi se bolaeang likokoana-hloko.
Foreimi ea letlooa e lokela ho ba e tiileng le e tšoarellang, bethe ea letlooa e lokela ho ba e boreleli le e bataletseng, 'me bolelele bo itšetlehile ka bolelele ba ntlo ea likhoho.Bethe eohle ea letlooa ha e hloke ho sebelisoa sethaleng sa litsuonyana.Moalo oohle oa letlooa o ka aroloa ka matlong a mangata a fapaneng a likhoho a nang le lilakane tsa polasetiki, 'me ho sebelisoa karolo ea bethe ea letlooa feela.Hamorao, sebaka sa tšebeliso se tla atolosoa butle-butle ha litsuonyana li ntse li hōla ho fihlela litlhoko tsa ho teteana.Metsi a nooang le lisebelisoa tsa ho fepa li lokela ho lekana ho netefatsa hore litsuonyana li noa metsi le ho ja lijo.Mokhahlelo o akaretsang oa ho holisa o hloka se nooang le se fepa bakeng sa litsuonyana tse ling le tse ling tse 50, le se le seng bakeng sa litsuonyana tse ling le tse ling tse 30 ka mor'a matsatsi a 20 a lilemo.
ho lokisetsa litsuonyana
Matsatsi a 12 ho isa ho a 15 pele u kena litsuonyana, hloekisa moiteli oa ntlo ea likhoho, hloekisa liliba tsa ho noa le li-feeders, u hlatsoe mabota, marulelo, bethe ea marang-rang, fatše, joalo-joalo ea ntlo ea likhoho ka sethunya sa metsi a khatello e phahameng, le hlahloba le ho boloka lisebelisoa tsa ntlo ea likhoho;Matsatsi a 9 ho isa ho a 11 pele o kena litsuonyana Bakeng sa ho thibela likokoana-hloko tsa pele tsa lithethefatsi tsa ntlo ea likhoho, ho kenyeletsoa libethe tsa marang-rang, fatše, liliba tsa ho noa, li-feeders, joalo-joalo, mamati le lifensetere le menyetla ea moea e lokela ho koaloa nakong ea ho thibela likokoana-hloko, lifensetere li lokela ho buloa bakeng sa moea. ka mor'a lihora tse 10, 'me mamati le lifensetere li lokela ho koaloa ka mor'a lihora tse 3 ho isa ho tse 4 tsa moea.Ka nako e ts'oanang, seliba sa ho noa le se fepa se kolobisitsoe 'me se tšeloa ka sebolaea-mafu;Sebolaea likokoana-hloko ea bobeli e etsoa matsatsi a 4 ho isa ho a 6 pele e kena litsuonyana, 'me tharollo ea metsi ea formaldehyde ea 40% ka makhetlo a 300 e ka sebelisoa bakeng sa ho thibela likokoana-hloko.Sheba mocheso pele o thibela likokoana-hloko, e le hore mocheso oa ntlo ea likhoho o fihle ho 26 Ka holimo ho ℃, mongobo o ka holimo ho 80%, ho thibela likokoana-hloko ho lokela ho ba hantle, ho se ke ha e-ba le lipheletso tse setseng, 'me mamati le lifensetere li lokela ho koaloa ka nako e fetang 36. lihora tse ka mor'a ho thibela likokoana-hloko, 'me joale u bulehe bakeng sa ventilation bakeng sa lihora tse ka tlaase ho 24;Libethe li arotsoe hantle 'me li arotsoe ho latela boima ba stocking ba 30 ho isa ho 40 ka square meter bekeng ea pele ea nako ea ho iphelisa.Ho futhumatsa pele (ho futhumatsa marako le fatše) le ho nosetsa pele ho mongobo ho lokela ho etsoa matsatsi a 3 pele ho litsuonyana mariha, 'me mocheso oa pele ho mocheso o lokela ho ba ka holimo ho 35 ° C.Ka nako e ts'oanang, lera la khateboto le behoa holim'a bethe ea letlooeng ho thibela litsuonyana hore li se ke tsa bata.Ka mor'a hore ho futhumala pele le ho nosetsa pele ho phethiloe, litsuonyana li ka kenngoa.
Taolo ea mafu
Khomarela molao-motheo oa "thibelo pele, phekolo ea tlatsetso, le thibelo ea bohlokoa ho feta pheko", haholo-holo mafu a mang a tebileng a tšoaetsanoang a bakoang ke likokoana-hloko, a lokela ho entoa kamehla.Ente ea letsatsi le le leng, e fokolisitsoeng ea lefu la Marek e ile ea kenngoa ka tlas'a letlalo;Ente ea matsatsi a 7 ea lefu la Newcastle clone 30 kapa IV e ile ea fanoa ka intranasally 'me 0.25 ml ea ente e sa sebetseng ea lefu la Newcastle oil-emulsion e ile ea kenngoa ka nako e le 'ngoe;Bronchitis e tšoaetsanoang ea matsatsi a 10, bronchitis ea renal Ho noa metsi bakeng sa liente tse peli;metsi a nooang a matsatsi a 14 a bursal polyvalent;21-day, khoho pox peo ea meutloa;Matsatsi a 24, metsi a nooang a ente ea bursal;matsatsi a 30, lefu la Newcastle IV line kapa clone 30 boits'ireletso ba bobeli;Matsatsi a 35 a lilemo, bronchitis e tšoaetsanoang, le abscess ea renal immune immune.Mekhoa e ka holimo ea ente ha e ea lokisoa, 'me lihoai li ka eketsa kapa tsa fokotsa ente e itseng ho latela boemo ba seoa sa lehae.
Ts'ebetsong ea thibelo le taolo ea lefu la likhoho, meriana ea thibelo ke karolo ea bohlokoahali.Bakeng sa likhoho tse ka tlase ho matsatsi a 14, sepheo se seholo ke ho thibela le ho laola pullorum, 'me 0.2% ea lets'ollo le ka eketsoa ho fepa, kapa chloramphenicol, enrofloxacin, joalo-joalo;Ka mor'a matsatsi a 15, tsepamisa maikutlo ho thibela coccidiosis, 'me u ka sebelisa amprolium, diclazuril le clodipidine ka tsela e fapaneng.Haeba ho na le seoa se tebileng sebakeng sa sebaka seo, thibelo ea lithethefatsi le eona e lokela ho etsoa.Viralin le meriana e meng ea litlama ea Machaena e thibelang likokoana-hloko e ka sebelisoa bakeng sa mafu a tšoaetsanoang a vaerase, empa lithibela-mafu li tlameha ho sebelisoa ka nako e le 'ngoe ho thibela tšoaetso ea bobeli.
Brood management
Mokhahlelo oa pele
Litsuonyana tsa matsatsi a 1-2 li lokela ho kenngoa ka tlung ea likhoho kapele kamoo ho ka khonehang, 'me ha lia lokela ho behoa holim'a bethe ea marang-rang hang ka mor'a ho kena ka tlung.Beteng ea letlooa.Ka mor'a hore ente e phethoe, litsuonyana li fuoa metsi khetlo la pele.Bekeng ea pele ea ho noa, malinyane a tlameha ho sebelisa metsi a futhumetseng hoo e ka bang 20 ° C, 'me a kenye mefuta e fapaneng ea livithamine metsing.Boloka metsi a lekaneng ho netefatsa hore tsuonyana e 'ngoe le e' ngoe e ka noa metsi.
Litsuonyana li ja lekhetlo la pele.Pele ba ja, ba noa metsi hang ka tharollo ea 40,000 IU potassium permanganate bakeng sa ho thibela likokoana-hloko le ho ntša meconium ho hloekisa mala.Ka mor'a lihora tse 3 tsa metsi a nooang ka lekhetlo la pele, u ka fepa fepa.Lijo li lokela ho etsoa ka phepo e khethehileng bakeng sa litsuonyana.Qalong, fepa ka makhetlo a 5 ho isa ho a 6 ka letsatsi.Bakeng sa likhoho tse fokolang, li fepe hanngoe bosiu, ebe butle-butle fetola ho tse ling le tse ling tse 3 ho isa ho makhetlo a 4 ka letsatsi.Palo ea lijo bakeng sa litsuonyana e lokela ho laoloa ho ea ka boemo ba sebele ba phepo.Phepo e tlameha ho etsoa khafetsa, ka bongata, le ka boleng, 'me metsi a nooang a hloekileng a tlameha ho bolokoa.Lipontšo tsa phepo ea phepo ea litsuonyana ke protheine e tala 18% -19%, matla 2900 kcal ka kilogram, fiber e tala 3% -5%, mafura a tala 2.5%, calcium 1% -1.1%, phosphorus 0.45%, methionine 0.45%, lysine Asiti 1.05%.Mokhoa oa ho fepa: (1) poone 55.3%, lijo tsa soya 38%, calcium hydrogen phosphate 1.4%, phofo ea majoe 1%, letsoai 0.3%, oli 3%, li-additives 1%;(2) poone 54.2%, soybean 34%, rapeseed meal 5%%, calcium hydrogen phosphate 1.5%, lejoe phofo 1%, letsoai 0,3%, oli 3%, additives 1%;(3) poone 55.2%, soybean 32%, tlhapi 2%, rapeseed meal 4%, calcium hydrogen phosphate 1.5%, Stone phofo 1%, letsoai 0.3%, oli 3%, additives 1%.Ho tloha ho ligrama tse 11 ka letsatsi ho isa ho ligrama tse 248 ka letsatsi ha li le matsatsi a 52, hoo e ka bang keketseho ea 4 ho isa ho 6 dikgerama ka letsatsi, fepa ka nako letsatsi le leng le le leng, 'me u leke palo ea letsatsi le letsatsi ho latela likhoho tse fapaneng le litekanyetso tsa kholo.
Nakong ea matsatsi a 1 ho isa ho a 7 ka mor'a hore litsuonyana li je ka bolokolohi.Letsatsi la pele le hloka ho fepa lihora tse ling le tse ling tse peli.Ela hloko ho fepa hanyane le ho eketsa khafetsa.Ela hloko phetoho ea mocheso ka tlung le mesebetsi ea litsuonyana ka nako leha e le efe.Mocheso o loketse, haeba o bokelloa, ho bolela hore mocheso o tlase haholo.E le hore u lule u futhumetse nakong ea ho phomola, molumo oa moea ha oa lokela ho ba moholo haholo, empa ha khase le likokoana-hloko li le matla haholo, moea o lokela ho matlafatsoa, 'me moea o ka etsoa ha mocheso o ka ntle ho ntlo o le holimo motšehare. letsatsi le letsatsi.Bakeng sa matsatsi a 1 ho isa ho a 2, mocheso ka tlung o lokela ho bolokoa ka holimo ho 33 ° C 'me mongobo o lekanyelitsoeng o lokela ho ba 70%.Matsatsi a 2 a pele a khanya a lokela ho sebelisoa lihora tse 24, 'me mabone a matla a 40-watt a lokela ho sebelisoa bakeng sa ho bonesa.
Litsuonyana tsa matsatsi a 3 ho isa ho a 4 li tla theola mocheso ka tlung ho ea ho 32 °C ho tloha letsatsing la boraro, 'me li boloke mongobo o pakeng tsa 65% le 70%.Maemo a chimney le moea oa moea, ho thibela chefo ea khase, e hloka ho fepa lihora tse ling le tse ling tse 3, le ho fokotsa khanya ka hora e le 1 ka letsatsi la boraro, 'me e boloke lihora tse 23 tsa nako ea khanya.
Likhoho li ile tsa entoa ha li le matsatsi a 5 ka ho entoa ka tlas’a letlalo la ente ea oli ea Newcastle molaleng.Ho tloha ka letsatsi la bohlano, mocheso ka tlung o ile oa fetoloa ho 30 ℃ ~ 32 ℃, 'me mongobo o lekanyelitsoeng o ne o bolokiloe ho 65%.Ka letsatsi la bo 6, ha ho fepa ho qala, e ile ea fetoloa terei ea ho fepa likhoho, 'me 1/3 ea terei e bulehileng ea phepelo e ne e nkeloa sebaka letsatsi le leng le le leng.Fepa makhetlo a 6 ka letsatsi, tima mabone ka lihora tse 2 bosiu 'me u boloke lihora tse 22 tsa khanya.Sebaka sa bethe sa marang-rang se ile sa atolosoa ho tloha letsatsing la 7 ho boloka boima ba litsuonyana bo le 35 ka square meter.
mokhahlelo oa bobeli
Ho tloha letsatsing la 8 ho isa letsatsing la 14, mocheso oa ntlo ea likhoho o theohetse ho 29 ° C.Ka letsatsi la 9, mefuta e fapaneng ea livithamine e ile ea kenngoa metsing a nooang a litsuonyana ho thibela likhoho.1 lerotholi la khoho.Ka nako e tšoanang, seliba sa ho noa se ile sa nkeloa sebaka ka letsatsi la borobong, ’me seliba sa ho noa sa litsuonyana se ile sa ntšoa ’me sa nkeloa sebaka ke seliba sa ho noa sa likhoho tse hōlileng, ’me seliba sa ho noa sa lokisetsoa hore se be bophahamo bo loketseng.Nakong ena, tlhokomelo e lokela ho lefshoa ho boloka mocheso, mongobo, le moea o nepahetseng, haholo-holo bosiu, ho lokela ho ela hloko hore na ho na le molumo o sa tloaelehang oa ho phefumoloha.Ho tloha ka letsatsi la 8, lijo li lokela ho lekanyetsoa khafetsa.Palo ea lijo e lokela ho laoloa ka mokhoa o bonolo ho latela boima ba khoho.Ka kakaretso, ha ho na moeli ho palo ea lijo.Ha e sale ka mor'a ho ja.Fepa makhetlo a 4 ho isa ho a 6 ka letsatsi, 'me ka letsatsi la 13 ho isa ho la 14 ho ile ha eketsoa li-multivitamine metsing a nooang,' me likhoho li ile tsa entoa ka letsatsi la 14, ho sebelisoa Faxinling bakeng sa ente ea marotholi.Ba noang ba lokela ho hloekisoa le ho eketsoa ka livithamine tse ngata metsing a nooang ka mor'a ho entoa.Nakong ena, sebaka sa bethe ea letlooa se lokela ho atolosoa butle-butle ka sekhahla sa kholo ea khoho, nakong eo mocheso oa ntlo ea likhoho o lokelang ho bolokoa ho 28 ° C le mongobo o lokela ho ba 55%.
Mokhahlelo oa boraro
Litsuonyana tsa matsatsi a 15-22 li ile tsa tsoela pele ho noa metsi a vithamine bakeng sa letsatsi ka letsatsi la 15, 'me li matlafatsa moea oa moea ka tlung.Ka letsatsi la 17 ho isa ho la 18, sebelisa metsi a peracetic 0.2% ho thibela likhoho, 'me ka letsatsi la 19, e tla nkeloa sebaka ke lijo tsa likhoho tse kholo.Hlokomela hore u se ke ua nkela tsohle ka nako e le 'ngoe ha u nkela sebaka, e lokela ho nkeloa sebaka ka matsatsi a 4, ke hore, sebelisa 1/4 lijo tsa likhoho tse kholo li ile tsa nkeloa sebaka ke lijo tsa litsuonyana 'me tsa tsoakoa le ho feptjoa ho fihlela letsatsing la 4 ha li nkeloa sebaka. ka dijo tsa kgoho e kgolo.Nakong ena, mocheso oa ntlo ea likhoho o lokela ho theoha butle-butle ho tloha ho 28 ° C letsatsing la 15 ho ea ho 26 ° C ka letsatsi la 22, ka ho theoha ha 1 ° C matsatsing a 2, 'me mongobo o lokela ho laoloa ho 50%. ho isa ho 55%.Ka nako e ts'oanang, ka sekhahla sa kholo ea likhoho, sebaka sa bethe ea marang-rang se atolosoa ho boloka boima ba stocking bo le 10 ka square meter, 'me bophahamo ba se noang bo lokisoa ho finyella litlhoko tsa kholo ea likhoho.Ha li le matsatsi a 22, likhoho li ile tsa entoa ka mefuta e mene ea lefu la Newcastle, 'me nako ea khanya e ne e bolokoa lihora tse 22.Ka mor'a matsatsi a 15, mabone a ile a fetoloa ho tloha ho 40 watts ho ea ho 15 watts.
Litsuonyana tsa matsatsi a 23-26 li lokela ho ela hloko taolo ea mocheso le mongobo ka mor'a ho entoa.Likhoho li lokela ho hloekisoa hang ha li le matsatsi a 25, 'me li-super multi-dimensional li kenngoa metsing a nooang.Ha u le matsatsi a 26, mocheso ka tlung o lokela ho theoleloa ho 25 ° C, 'me mongobo o fokotsehe.E laoloa ke 45% ho isa ho 50%.
Litsuonyana tsa matsatsi a 27-34 li lokela ho matlafatsa tsamaiso ea letsatsi le letsatsi 'me li tlameha ho kenngoa moea khafetsa.Haeba mocheso ka tlung ea likhoho o phahame haholo, likharetene tsa metsi a pholileng le li-fan tsa ho qeta li lokela ho sebelisoa ho pholile.Nakong ena, mocheso oa kamore o lokela ho theoha ho tloha ho 25 ° C ho ea ho 23 ° C, 'me mongobo o lokela ho bolokoa ho 40% ho isa ho 45%.
Ho tloha matsatsing a 35 ho isa polaong, ho thibetsoe ho sebelisa lithethefatsi leha e le life ha likhoho li hōla ho fihlela matsatsi a 35.Moea oa moea ka tlung o lokela ho matlafatsoa, 'me mocheso oa ntlo ea likhoho o lokela ho theoleloa ho 22 °C ho tloha lilemong tse 36.Ho tloha matsatsing a 35 ho isa hlabong, lihora tse 24 tsa khanya li lokela ho bolokoa letsatsi le leng le le leng e le ho eketsa phepelo ea likhoho.Ha li le lilemo li 37, likhoho li etsoa sterilized hang.Nakong ea matsatsi a 40, mocheso oa ntlo ea likhoho o theoleloa ho 21 ° C 'me o bolokoa ho fihlela polao.Ha a le lilemo li matsatsi a 43, ts'oaetso ea ho qetela ea likhoho e etsoa.K'hilograma.
Nako ea poso: Oct-18-2022